August 4: Creek Nation Emancipation Day
Creek Nation Delegates, c. 1877 On the far right stands Silas Jefferson (Hotulkomiko), a prominent African-Creek leader, interpreter, and representative in the tribal House of Warriors. His presence in this rare photograph—taken ...
James Thompson’s Plat: Tracing Chicago’s Original Grid Layout
This first grid layout of the City of Chicago was created on August 4, 1830, by surveyor James Thompson. Thompson’s original map, known as the "Thompson Plat," was commissioned to ...
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Poor Little Fool: The Teen Idol Track That Made Billboard History
“Poor Little Fool” by Ricky Nelson became the first #1 song to appear on Billboard’s Hot 100 chart on August 4, 1958. The track’s historic climb inaugurating the now-legendary Hot ...
Poppin’ Fresh: The Psychology Behind the Giggling Dough Icon
On August 4, 1970, Pillsbury registered “Poppin’ Fresh,” the giggling doughboy who would rise to fame as a soft-bodied icon of American advertising. More than a mascot, he was a ...
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Helen Kane: The Real Voice Behind the Boop-Oop-A-Doop Trademark
Born August 4, 1904, Helen Kane sang and acted on Broadway and in films of the 1920s and ‘30s. She sometimes included the phrase “boop-oop-a-doop” in hit songs like “I ...
The Inferno at City Point: Grant’s Lifeline Ripped Apart by Sabotage
City Point, VirginiaWharves after the explosion of ordnance barges on August 4, 1864 The devastating blast at City Point destroyed General Ulysses S. Grant’s vital supply hub, raining shrapnel and ...
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Louis Armstrong: The Satchmo Sound Born in the New Orleans Delta
On August 4, 1901, American trumpeter Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. Armstrong famously claimed throughout his life that he was born on the Fourth of July, 1900, ...
Warren Avis: Pioneering the First Airport-Based Car Rental Counters
Warren Avis, the entrepreneur who founded Avis Car Rentals, was born in Bay City, Michigan on August 4, 1915. Just a few years before creating the company, Warren served as ...
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August 4, 1862: A Faltering Nation Enacts Its First Sweeping Draft
With the Union war effort faltering and volunteer enlistments waning, President Abraham Lincoln issued a sweeping order on August 4, 1862: 300,000 men were to be drafted into service. It ...
Battle of Evesham: The Seed of Democracy Sown in British Blood
In this brutal clash during England’s Second Barons’ War on August 4, 1265, rebel leader Simon de Montfort was slain by forces loyal to King Henry III. Though defeated, de ...
Woodrow Wilson’s Battle Against Unapproved Deep-Sea Cables
On August 4, 1920, President Woodrow Wilson ordered two U.S. Navy ships to intercept a British-chartered vessel attempting to lay a telegraphic cable off the coast of Miami. The cable, ...
The Exclusive Star-Studded Premiere of Rear Window for Post-War Aid
The lovely Grace Kelly in a promotional still for the Hitchcock thriller Rear Window. On August 4, 1954, the film had an exclusive benefit release for movie industry guests and ...
The Cultural Mirror of the American Middle Class
The August 4, 1923, cover of The Saturday Evening Post features an illustration by artist Charles A. MacLellan, who painted 44 memorable covers for the publication. This painting captures a young woman ...
The U.S. Revenue-Marine: Alexander Hamilton’s Maritime Fleet
A forerunner to the U.S. Coast Guard, the U.S. Revenue-Marine, which was later named The U.S. Revenue Cutter Service, was established by Congress on August 4, 1790. The maritime fleet ...
The China Relief Expedition: Eight Nations March on Peking
On August 4, 1900, 2,500 US soldiers and marines of the China Relief Expedition joined forces of seven other nations—Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Japan—to begin a ...
Barack Obama and the Enduring Vision of the City Upon a Hill
“Today, this dream sounds common – perhaps even cliche – yet for most of human history it’s been anything but. As a servant of Rome, a peasant in China, or ...
Joe Walker and the Hypersonic Assault on the Edge of Space
On August 4, 1960, American pilot Joe Walker flew 2,196 mph in the X-15 hypersonic rocket plane. The flight flew over 78,000 feet into the air. The high-altitude run was ...
John Henry Twachtman: Capturing the Fleeting Moods of New England Light
The Lighthouse, by American artist John Henry Twachtman, who was born on August 4, 1853, in Cincinnati, Ohio. Twachtman’s unique approach to American Impressionism rejected the bright, high-contrast palettes of ...
Clarence G. Noble: A Young Life Cut Short in the Aisne-Marne Offensive
1st Lieut. Clarence G. Noble, Co. G, 128th Infantry, died August 4, 1918, of wounds received in action during the Aisne-Marne Offensive. He was only 22. Noble’s tragic death occurred ...



